Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) Diffusion in Asia: Insights from a Conjoint Analysis of the Indonesian Market
Akbar Rabbani  1@  , Jongsu Lee  1  
1 : Seoul National University [Seoul]

Even though the financial services industry has been developing some products to increase financial inclusion, more than 1.4 billion people are still unbanked worldwide. The fast adoption of blockchain technology in cryptocurrency has made central banks worldwide think about the potential adoption of this technology for central bank digital currency (CBDC). Currently, 86% of central banks engage in CBDC work, and 14% have already reached the pilot stage. As one of the emerging economies, Indonesia has a vast potential for the diffusion of CBDC, and it can be used as a tool to improve financial inclusion. Several previous studies explored the potential adoption of CBDC from a broader perspective, where only a few papers focused on the possible adoption while considering likely consumer preferences. This research used the conjoint analysis to determine CBDC adoption in the Indonesian market using four attributes: accessibility, privacy, transferability, and rate of return. The results from mixed logit regression showed that the central bank should utilize the growth of mobile banking to acquire broader consumers while improving its security standard. From the privacy perspective, consumers are aware of the negative impact of full privacy transactions and are willing to share some essential data related to the transactions. In addition, the transferability or exchange capability with bank accounts and electronic money will positively affect consumers' willingness to use the CBDC. Lastly, the research revealed the need for a competitive interest rate in the process of CBDC diffusion.


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